King Henry VI died on this day 551 years ago, aged 49.
Henry ascended to the English throne at nine months old following the death of his father, Henry V- he remains the youngest British monarch of all time. He was coronated when he was seven years old. It should also be noted that he was born during the Hundred Years' War, and was also disputedly crowned as the king of France (his maternal grandfather was King Charles VI). In 1453, he lost all English lands in continental Europe except Calais, leading to a mental breakdown (Charles was also reported to have a similar ailment).
During this time, supporters of a cadet branch of the royal family (the Yorks) began fighting supporters of Henry's family (the Lancasters). In 1460, civil war broke out when Henry's forces attacked the forces of noble York supporters. Henry was captured and imprisoned, while his wife and son escaped to Scotland and began to rally supporters. Queen Margaret returned with an army in 1461, and defeated the Earl of Warwick, freeing Henry. They were soon defeated, and the two again fled to Scotland. Henry was effectively deposed, and the son of the Duke of York, who had defeated him, was crowned as Edward IV.
Henry returned in 1463. Loyalists to Henry were defeated in Hexham the following year, and Henry was once again captured and imprisoned. In 1470, two of Edward's main allies (one of whom was his own brother George) caused him to be exiled to Scotland. Henry was freed by the new Earl of Warwick, and reclaimed the throne on October 3. Warwick soon declared war on Burgundy, and its king, Charles I "The Bold", supplied aid to Edward, allowing him and his troops to fight back. Henry's only child and heir Edward was killed in the Battle of Tewkesbury.
Henry was once again imprisoned, and died a few weeks later. Following his death, miracles were attributed to him, but this was mostly due to people trying to de-legitimize the York and Tudor families. Contemporary sources claim that Henry reportedly died of broken heart syndrome upon hearing news of Edward's death, but when his skeleton was exhumed in 1910, it was discovered that his skull was damaged, and remaining hair was found to be bloodied- signs that a theory that Edward IV ordered his murder may have been true.